Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Singh Shashi Prabha ¹, Bajpai Meenakshi ¹, B. K. Razdan ²

Affiliations
1 Government Girls Polytechnic, Post Office Chandanwadi, Premnagar, Sudhowala, Dehradun - 248007, Uttarakhand, IN
2 29-A, Circular Road, Dalanwala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, IN

Abstract

During the past several years a number of complexes of transition metals have been reported in which the central metal ions have been coordinated by aromatic or unsaturated compounds containing sulfur donor atoms. Dimethyldisulphide which has been reported to possess antibacterial, as well as antifungal activity is one of the main constituents of Allium sativum (Garlic). In the present study dimethyldisulphide has been complexed with silver metal. The complex so formed has been characterized by spectroscopic methods, further the complex has been formulated into a gel. Different gels were prepared with varying concentration of Carbopol 934. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was calculated using cup-plate method. Gels were further evaluated for physical properties like color, pH, spreadability, consistency, diffusion, stability and viscosity. Evaluation of gel was further done against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027). The gel showed promising antibacterial activity against microorganisms used for study. The Gel was stable at room temperature.

Keywords

Dimethylsulphide, Garlic, Silvercomplex, Gel.

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Khansili Aparna ¹, Bajpai Meenakshi ¹

Affiliations
1 Uttarakhand Technical University, Sudhowala, Dehradun - 248007, Uttarakhand, IN

Abstract

Poorly soluble drugs such as nisoldipine offer challenges in developing a drug product with adequate bioavailability. The objective of present study was to improve solubility and dissolution rate of nisoldipine by developing and characterizing self emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) of nisoldipine. Solubility of nisoldipine was carried out in various oils, surfactants and co-surfactants. Six self emulsifying formulations were prepared using various proportions of oil, surfactants and co-surfactants in which solubility of nisoldipine was high. The stability studies after introduction of nisoldipine into different combinations provided the optimized liquid SEDDS comprising of capmul MCM EP, labrasol, tween 60 and polyethylene glycol 400, which was then evaluated for droplet size, percentage transmittance and coalescence studies. Liquid SEDDS was then converted into free flowing powder by adsorbing onto solid carriers. Solid state characterization of solid SEDDS was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) measurements. The comparative dissolution studies with nisoldipine and SEDDS proved the efficiency of self emulsifying formulations in improving dissolution rate. The permeability studies as non everted sac method gave higher permeation rate for SEDDS. This solid SEDDS may provide a useful solid dosage form for oral poorly soluble drugs.

Keywords

Nisoldipine, Self emulsifying Drug Delivery System, Labrasol, Capmul MCM EP.

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Gupta Ritu ¹, Bajpai Meenakshi ¹

Affiliations
1 Faculty of Pharmacy, Uttarakhand Technical University, Goverment Girls Polytechnic Post Office, Chandanwadi, Prem Nagar, Sudhowala, Dehradun (Uttarakhand), Pin - 248007, IN

Abstract

The commonly used methods for encapsulating hydrophilic molecules in nanoparticles (NPs) suffer from low encapsulation efficiency due to the drug rapidly being partitioned to the external aqueous phase. In the present study a new double emulsion solvent diffusion (DES-D) technique, resulted in particles with smaller size, lower size distribution and higher encapsulation efficiency. The utilization of partially water-miscible, class III organic solvent (ethyl acetate) enabled rapid diffusion through the aqueous phase during evaporation, creating regions of local supersaturation near the interface. Smaller NPs were formed following phase transformations and polymer aggregation at these regions. Physicochemical characterization of the nanoparticles was performed by measuring particle size, zeta potential, drug entrapment efficiency, FTIR study and in vitro drug release. Batch G4 with encapsulation efficiency (EE) of 54 ± 3.6 % and Zeta potential of -28.0 mV was selected as an optimized batch. The stability of the optimized batch G4 indicated that formulation was stable at different storage conditions. FTIR studies indicated that there was no chemical interaction between drug and polymer.

Keywords

Tizanidine Hydrochloride, Double Emulsion Solvent Diffusion (DES-D), Eudragit RS-100, Eudragit, E-100, Ethyl Cellulose.

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